Ezekiel 5: Prophecy of the Thirds

PHIL HARRIS | Seeker of Truth | 

Introduction

In the previous chapter Ezekiel gave demonstrations of God’s coming judgment upon the city of Jerusalem. Now, acting out God’s instructions in full view of the people, God is giving Ezekiel new commands for demonstrating what will happen to those who refuse to repent.

Prophecy of the Thirds

In Chapter Five we have another demonstration of God’s judgment. This time Ezekiel has to use a sharp sword to cut off the hair from his face and head.

The people who witnessed what he was doing would have been shocked because Levitical priests of God would ordinarily never remove their hair. In Leviticus 21:1–9 we learn that to do so would be to profane the name of their God.

As for Ezekiel’s demonstration, the message is that by not repenting of their sins they are profaning the name of God. The use of a sword instead of a razor foreshadows the coming siege that will be God’s judgment on their apostasy.

Ezekiel takes a balance scale and separates most of his hair into three equal parts. This hair represents the Israelites. Ezekiel is now to burn one-third of his hair in the center of the city when the coming siege is over. One-third is to be struck by the sword all around the city—Jerusalem—and the last one-third is scattered to the wind.

Ezekiel is to take a few of the cut hairs and secure them into the edges of his robe, and these hairs he will burn in the coming fire. From those hairs burning, a fire will spread to “all the house of Israel”. This small number of hairs appears to allude to a remnant of Israelites who will escape the onslaught of killing which is soon to come. Ezekiel 6:8 says that a small remnant will escape the sword and be scattered among the nations. This remnant will eventually remember the Lord as they languish in captivity. 

Judgment Against Jerusalem 

God is saying that Jerusalem, meaning the Hebrew people, has been set as a witness to all nations, yet they have rebelled and sinned in greater ways than the surrounding pagan nations. Since their God is the one and only true God they are in serious trouble.

God declares that He will execute his judgment among them as a warning to all the other nations.

Ezekiel’s audience should be trembling in shock and fear by what they see him doing. While it doesn’t appear to have been recorded in historical accounts God declared that the horrible act of cannibalism would occur during the siege of Jerusalem. God would bring on them the horror of the human sacrifices they had been offering to the pagan gods. They would cannibalize each other as they were cut off from food. 

You Have Defiled My Sanctuary

It is because of how the Hebrew people have defiled God’s sanctuary that we have what is called the “Prophecy of the Thirds” where Ezekiel the priest is commanded to cut off his hair. His shame is really the shame of the people:

  1. One third of the people will die of plague and famine.
  2. One third of the people will fall by the sword.
  3. One third of the people will be scattered to every wind with an unsheathed sword following them.

You Will Know that I Have Spoken

The pronouns such as ‘them’ and ‘they’ indicates that God’s wrath will finally be at rest and appeased concerning those who are suffering within Jerusalem because they will know that I, their God, have spoken. However, the surrounding nations will view Israel as “a ruin and a reproach”.

Just prior to the Hebrew people entering into the Promised Land, Moses repeated the giving of the law which included a warning not to adopt the evil practices of the nations around them:

A Warning to the Surrounding Nations

Israel had been intended by God to be a witness to their neighbors of the need to repent of their evil practices. Instead of doing so, God’s covenant people lusted ofter and adopted the evil practices the surrounding pagans were doing.

What is happening to Jerusalem and the people within it serves as a warning to the surrounding nations that they, too, are in mortal danger of suffering what is happening to Jerusalem.

Summary

  1. This prophecy began in the previous chapter where Ezekiel portrays the forthcoming siege of Jerusalem by the Babylonians with the people within the city having no way of escape.
  2. God declares that the reason He is so upset with these unrepentant people is that they have defiled His sanctuary with their detestable idols and abominations.
  3. Using a sword Ezekiel is now instructed by God to cut off all the hair from his head. Most of the hair is divided into three equal portions which represent the people trapped within Jerusalem. One third of them would die of plague and famine. Another third would die by the sword. The remaining third of the people would be scattered “to every wind” with an unsheathed sword following them.
  4. Ezekiel’s actions were performed within the full view of these unrepentant exiles. They should have humbled themselves and repented at least by 586bc when Jerusalem fell, destroyed by the Babylonians just as was foretold in this prophecy.
  5. This chapter culminates with a warning to Israel’s surrounding pagan nations that this will be “a reproach, a reviling, a chastisement, and a desecration” directed towards them also.

—All references unless otherwise stated are taken from the LSB.

Phillip Harris
Latest posts by Phillip Harris (see all)

Leave a Reply